Structure of the cuspidal rational torsion subgroup of J_1(p^n)

In this article, we determine the structure of the $p$-primary subgroup of the cuspidal rational torsion subgroup of the Jacobian $J_1(p^n)$ of the modular curve $X_1(p^n)$ for a regular prime $p$.Comment: 26 page

Afraid of Niche, Tired of Mass: Atypical Idea Combination on Crowdfunding Platform

A new idea usually follows a stream of similar ideas yet simultaneously combines atypical elements from ideas outside this stream. A successful business idea usually balances well between familiarity and atypicality. To investigate the relationship between atypicality innovation and crowdfunding project performance, we collected data from one of the largest crowdfunding platforms in China. We build a similarity network of crowdfunding projects to measure the degree of atypicality innovation for these projects. Using a double machine learning model, we find that the atypical combination of mainstream and niche ideas has a significant positive effect on the individual project\u27s funding, i.e., five times more successful than other projects. We also find the potential reasons that cause the poor performance of niche and mainstream projects. Donors are more conservative due to the high risk of niche projects and driven away by the monotonous repetition of mainstream projects

Polymer Dielectric in Organic Field‐Effect Transistor

In this chapter, we aim to present an overview of the polymer dielectrics in organic field‐effect transistors and their applications. In the first section, we give a short introduction of polymer dielectrics in organic field‐effect transistors. We illustrate multilayer, hybrid, and cross‐linked polymer dielectrics adopted in organic field‐effect transistors. Then we introduce the available biomaterials engaged as polymer dielectrics in organic field‐effect transistors. We mainly focus on the utilization of silk fibroin, DNA, and DNA base pair dielectrics. We end the chapter by presenting the applications of polymer dielectrics. We elaborate that the polymer dielectrics can function as the electrode buffer layer, as well as the organic field‐effect transistor‐based gas sensor, inverter, and memory

Perioperative and oncological outcomes following minimally invasive versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma

Background The outcomes of minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy have not been adequately compared with those of open pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. We performed a meta‐analysis to compare the perioperative and oncological outcomes of these two pancreaticoduodenectomy procedures specifically in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Methods Before this study was initiated, a specific protocol was designed and has been registered in PROSEPRO (ID: CRD42020149438). Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were systematically searched for studies published between January 1994 and October 2019. Overall survival, disease-free survival, and time to commencing adjuvant chemotherapy were the primary endpoint measurements, whereas perioperative and short-term outcomes were the secondary endpoints. Results The final analysis included 9 retrospective cohorts comprising 11,242 patients (1377 who underwent minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy and 9865 who underwent open pancreaticoduodenectomy). There were no significant differences in the patients’ overall survival, operative time, postoperative complications, 30-day mortality, rate of vein resection, number of harvested lymph nodes, or rate of positive lymph nodes between the two approaches. However, disease free survival, time to starting adjuvant chemotherapy, length of hospital stay, and rate of negative margins in patients who underwent minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy showed improvements relative to those in patients who underwent open surgery. Conclusions Minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy provides similar or even improved perioperative, short-term, and long-term oncological outcomes when compared with open pancreaticoduodenectomy for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma